Bethlehem

Bethlehem in the first century was a small, humble town in Judea known as the city of David, historically and prophetically significant as the prophesied birthplace of the Messiah, which Luke highlights to show Jesus’ fulfillment of Old Testament promises through His birth in this modest setting.

People, Places, and Things

Bethlehem

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People, Places, and Things

Herod the Great

Herod the Great was the Roman-appointed king of Judea known for his grand building projects and ruthless rule, including the infamous massacre of infants in Bethlehem.

The Temple in Jersualem

The Jerusalem Temple in the first century was the spiritual, cultural, and architectural heart of Jewish life, rebuilt by Herod into a magnificent complex that symbolized God’s presence, united a dispersed people, and ultimately became a focal point of both worship and conflict until its destruction in AD 70.

Quirinius (Governor of Syria)

uirinius was the Roman governor of Syria known for conducting a census around AD 6, which plays a significant historical and theological role in Luke’s account of Jesus’ birth, illustrating God’s sovereignty working through Roman political events despite controversies over the timing and historical details.

Nazareth

Nazareth in the first century was a small, humble village in Galilee known as the hometown of Jesus, where he was raised and began his public ministry.

Annas and Caiaphas

Annas and Caiaphas, a powerful father-in-law and son-in-law duo who dominated the high priesthood in first-century Judea, embody how Rome’s occupation turned a sacred office into a tool of political control, with their influence culminating in the trial and crucifixion of Jesus.

Galilee

Galilee in the first century was a diverse, politically marginal region in northern Israel under Herod Antipas, known for its rural Jewish communities, mixed populations, and as the primary area of Jesus’ ministry emphasizing compassion and inclusion.